When I was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes at the age of 55 years I was also informed that I would require bilateral below-the knee (BTK) leg amputations that was caused by diabetes. My life changed dramatically, not just because of diabetes, but requiring a wheelchair for the rest of my life. Furthermore, I learned that I have diabetic retinopathy, a serious eye condition caused by diabetes that damages the blood vessels in the retina, potentially leading to vision loss or blindness.
Diabetes is more than just high blood sugar; it’s a complex disease that can have devastating effects on the body if left unchecked. Over time, uncontrolled diabetes can lead to severe complications, including amputations and vision loss—two of the most disabling outcomes of the disease. Unfortunately, these consequences disproportionately impact Black Americans, who are more likely to develop diabetes and experience complications due to systemic healthcare disparities.
The Reality of Amputations and Vision Loss
When diabetes is not well-managed, it can cause nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation, particularly in the lower extremities. This makes small cuts and infections harder to heal, sometimes leading to severe infections and, ultimately, amputations. According to the CDC, Black Americans with diabetes are more than twice as likely to undergo lower-limb amputations than their white counterparts.
Vision loss is another major concern. Diabetic retinopathy, caused by damage to the blood vessels in the eyes, can lead to blindness if untreated. Studies show that Black Americans have higher rates of vision-threatening diabetic eye disease, partly due to limited access to early screenings and treatment.
What Can You Do?
If you’re prediabetic or newly diagnosed with diabetes, taking action now can help prevent these severe complications. Here’s what you should focus on:
- Know Your Numbers – Regularly monitor your blood sugar levels, A1C, blood pressure, and cholesterol.
- Make Lifestyle Changes – Focus on a balanced diet rich in whole foods, lean proteins, and fiber. Exercise regularly to improve insulin sensitivity.
- Prioritize Foot Care – Inspect your feet daily for cuts, sores, or infections. Wear proper footwear and see a podiatrist regularly.
- Get Your Eyes Checked – Schedule annual comprehensive eye exams, even if your vision seems fine.
- Advocate for Your Health – Seek culturally competent healthcare providers who understand the unique challenges faced by Black Americans in managing diabetes.
- Stay on Top of Medications – If prescribed medication, take it as directed and communicate with your doctor about any concerns.
Key Takeaway
Diabetes can lead to life-altering disabilities, but with early intervention and proactive management, many complications—including amputations and vision loss—can be prevented. Black Americans, in particular, should be aware of their increased risks and take steps to protect their health by accessing proper screenings, education, and medical care.
Your health is in your hands. Start today, take control, and reduce the risk of diabetes-related disabilities.
Trusted Resources
Mayo Clinic: Amputation and diabetes: How to protect your feet https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/amputation-and-diabetes/art-20048262
CDC: Preventing Diabetes-Related Amputations https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/diabetes-complications/preventing-diabetes-related-amputations.html
NIH: Disability and Diabetes in Adults https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK609951/
Baylor College of Medicine: Diabetes and Disability https://www.bcm.edu/research/research-centers/center-for-research-on-women-with-disabilities/a-to-z-directory/diabetes.
